Integrated Demand Response Programs in Energy Hubs: A Review of Applications, Classifications, Models and Future Directions

In the traditional power system, customers respond to their primary electricity consumption pattern based on price or incentive take additional advantages. By developing energy hubs (EHs) where electricity, heat, natural gas and other forms of are coupled together, all types customers, even inelastic loads, can participate in demand response (DR) program. This novel vision has led concept “integrated (IDR)”. IDR programs (IDRPs) EHs involve coordinating multiple DR activities across different systems, such as buildings, industrial complexes transportation networks. The main purpose is so that multi-energy users not only by shifting reducing from side, but also changing type consumed dispatching center. integration IDRPs help reduce costs, improve grid stability increase penetration renewable sources (RES) system. Moreover, synchronizing provide benefits, improved efficiency, reduced greenhouse emissions increased resilience outages disruptions. this paper, we an overview IDRP EH areas, encompassing aspects it. First, nature behind its basic introduced. Then, a categorization fundamental principles within undertaken. Furthermore, modelling formulation optimization techniques conducted. addition content model, article deals with research performed field perspectives. Finally, advantages prospect challenges discussed.